鎵嬫彁寮忓共绮夋粎鐏櫒
绛掗珨閲囩敤鍎�(y艒u)璩�(zh矛)纰崇礌閶肩稉(j墨ng)鐗规畩宸ヨ棟鍔犲伐鑰屾垚銆傝┎绯诲垪婊呯伀鍣ㄥ叿鏈夌祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)绨″柈銆佹搷浣滈潏娲绘噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄥ唬娉涖€佷娇鐢ㄦ柟渚裤€佸児(ji脿)鏍间綆寤夌瓑鍎�(y艒u)榛�(di菐n)銆傛粎鐏櫒涓昏鐢辩瓛楂斻€佺摱闋枼銆佸櫞灏勮粺绠★紙鍣村槾锛夌瓑绲勬垚锛屾粎鐏姂鐐虹⒊閰告矮閳夛紙ABC鍨嬬偤纾烽吀閵ㄩ菇锛夋粎鐏姂锛岄﹨(q奴)鍕�(d貌ng)姘ｉ珨鐐轰簩姘у寲纰筹紝甯告韩涓嬪叾宸ヤ綔澹撳姏鐐�1.5MPa銆�
浣跨敤澶栬寮忔墜鎻愭粎鐏櫒鏅�(sh铆)锛屼竴鍙墜鎻′綇鍣村槾锛屽彟涓€鍙墜鍚戜笂鎻愯捣鎻愮挵(hu谩n)锛屽共绮夊嵆鍙櫞鍑恒€�
鎺ㄨ粖寮忓共绮夋粎鐏櫒
婊呯伀鍣ㄤ富瑕佺敱绛掗珨銆佸櫒闋附鎴愩€佸櫞绠＄附鎴愩€佽粖鏋剁附鎴愮瓑骞惧湪閮ㄥ垎绲勬垚锛屾粎鐏姂鐐虹⒊閰告矮閳夛紙ABC鍨嬬偤纾烽吀閵ㄩ菇锛夊共绮夋粎鐏姂锛岄﹨(q奴)鍕�(d貌ng)姘ｉ珨鐐烘爱?d煤)鐚擃儙顥″彽缂曟稊銇烽矎姣渻?.5MPa銆�
浣跨敤鎺ㄨ粖寮忔粎鐏櫒鏅�(sh铆)锛屽皣鍏跺悗閮ㄥ悜钁楃伀婧愶紙鍦ㄥ澶栨噳(y墨ng)缃簬涓婇ⅷ(f膿ng)鏂瑰悜锛夛紝鍏堝彇涓嬪櫞妲嶏紝灞曢枊鍑虹矇绠★紙鍒囪涓嶅彲鏈夋摪鎶樼従(xi脿n)璞★級锛屽啀鎻愯捣閫�(j矛n)姘ｅ妗匡紝浣夸簩姘у寲纰抽€�(j矛n)鍏ヨ帛缃愶紝鐣�(d膩ng)琛ㄥ鍗囪嚦 0 锛� 7 鍏嗗笗锝� 1 鍏嗗笗?x铆)r锛屾斁涓嬮€�(j矛n)姘ｅ妗垮仠姝㈤€�(j矛n)姘ｃ€傞€欐檪(sh铆)鎵撻枊闁嬮棞(gu膩n)锛屽櫞鍑哄共绮夛紝鐢辫繎鑷抽仩(yu菐n)鎾茬伀銆傚鎾叉晳娌归鐏伣(z膩i)鏅�(sh铆)锛屼笉瑕佷娇骞茬矇姘ｆ祦鐩存帴娌栨搳娌规棘锛屼互鍏嶆亢璧锋补闈娇鐏嫝(sh矛)钄撳欢銆�
浣跨敤鑳岃矤(f霉)寮忓共绮夋粎鐏櫒鏅�(sh铆)锛� 鎳�(y墨ng)绔欏湪璺濈伀鐒伴倞绶� 5 绫筹綖 6 绫宠檿锛屽彸鎵嬬穵鎻″共绮夋鎻℃妸锛堣嫢鐐烘爱?d煤)閳�?d貌ng)鍔涳紝鍓囧彧鑳芥彙浣忔湪鍒舵妸鎵嬶紝鍚﹀墖鍙兘琚綆婧埃楂斿噸鍌凤級锛屽乏鎵嬫壋鍕�(d貌ng)杞�(zhu菐n)鎻涢枊闂�(gu膩n)鍒�“ 3 ”铏�(h脿o)浣嶇疆锛堝櫞灏勯爢搴�?y脿n)?3 銆� 2 銆� 1 锛夛紝鎵撻枊淇濋毆(xi菐n)姗�(j墨)锛屽皣鍣存灏�(du矛)婧�(zh菙n)鐏簮锛屾墸鎵虫(j墨)锛屽共绮夊嵆鍙櫞鍑恒€傚鍣村畬涓€鐡跺共绮夋湭鑳藉皣鐏挷婊咃紝鍙皣杞�(zhu菐n)鎻涢枊闂�(gu膩n)鎾ュ埌 2 铏�(h脿o)鎴� 1 铏�(h脿o)鐨勪綅缃紝閫ｇ簩(x霉)鍣村皠锛岀洿鍒板皠瀹岀偤姝€€�

NaOH+AlCl3+2NaHCO3====Al(OH)3↓+2CO2↑+3NaCl
鏅€氬共绮夋粎鐏櫒
鏅€氬共绮夋粎鐏姂涓昏鐢辨椿鎬ф粎鐏祫鍒嗐€佺枏姘存垚鍒嗐€佹儼鎬у～鏂欑祫鎴愶紝鐤忔按鎴愬垎涓昏鏈夌娌瑰拰鐤忔按鐧界偔榛戯紝鎯版€у～鏂欑ó椤炵箒澶氾紝涓昏璧烽槻鎸(sh铆)銆佺祼(ji茅)濉婏紝鏀瑰杽骞茬矇閬�(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)鎬ц兘锛屽偓鍖栧共绮夌娌硅仛鍚堜互鍙婃敼鍠勮垏娉℃搏婊呯伀鍔戠殑鍏卞绛変綔鐢ㄣ€傞€欓鏅€氬共绮夋粎鐏姂鐩墠鍦ㄥ湅鍏�(n猫i)澶栧凡缍�(j墨ng)鐛插緱寰堟櫘閬嶆噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄣ€�
婊呯伀绲勫垎鏄共绮夋粎鐏姂鐨勬牳蹇冿紝鑳藉璧峰埌婊呯伀浣滅敤鐨勭墿璩�(zh矛)涓昏鏈夛細K2CO3銆並HCO3銆丯aCl銆並Cl銆侊紙NH4锛�2SO4銆丯H4HSO4銆丯aHCO3銆並4Fe锛圕N锛�6·3H2O銆丯a2CO3 绛夛紝鐩墠鍦嬪収(n猫i)宸茬稉(j墨ng)鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鐨勭敘(ch菐n)鍝佹湁锛氱７閰搁姩楣姐€佺⒊閰告矮閳夈€佹隘鍖栭垑銆佹隘鍖栭墍骞茬矇婊呯伀鍔戙€傛瘡绋粎鐏矑瀛愰兘瀛樺湪涓€涓婇檺鑷ㄧ晫绮掑緫锛屽皬浜庤嚚鐣岀矑寰戠殑绮掑瓙鍏ㄩ儴璧锋粎鐏綔鐢紝澶т簬鑷ㄧ晫绮掑緫鐨勭矑瀛愭粎鐏晥鑳芥€ュ妵闄嶄綆锛屼絾鍏跺嫊(d貌ng)閲忓ぇ锛岄€氶亷绌烘埃灏�(du矛)灏忕矑瀛愮敘(ch菐n)鐢熺┖姘ｅ嫊(d貌ng)鍔涘(xu茅)鎷夊姏锛岃揩浣垮皬绮掑瓙绶婇毃鍏跺悗锛屾挷鍚戠伀鐒颁腑蹇冿紝鑰屼笉鏄湭鍒扮伀鐒板氨琚啽姘ｆ祦鍚硅蛋锛岄檷浣庢粎鐏晥鐜囥€傚父鐢ㄥ共绮夋粎鐏姂绮掑害鍦�10~75 μm 涔嬮枔锛岄€欑ó绮掑瓙褰屾暎鎬ц純宸紝姣旇〃闈㈢⿳鐩稿皪(du矛)杓冨皬銆�
鍥犳锛屽畾閲忓共绮夋墍鍏锋湁鐨勭附姣旇〃闈㈢⿳灏忥紝鍠€�(g猫)绮掑瓙璩�(zh矛)閲忚純澶э紝娌夐檷閫熷害杓冨揩锛屽彈鐔辨檪(sh铆)鍒嗚В閫熷害鎱紝灏�(d菐o)鑷村叾鎹曟崏鑷敱鍩虹殑鑳藉姏杓冨皬锛屾晠婊呯伀鑳藉姏鍙楀埌闄愬埗锛屼竴瀹氱▼搴︿笂闄愬埗浜嗗共绮夋粎鐏姂浣跨敤鑼冨湇銆傚共绮夋粎鐏姂绮掑瓙绮掑緫鑸囧叾婊呯伀鏁堣兘鐩存帴鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鑱�(li谩n)锛屾粎鐏祫鍒嗚嚚鐣岀矑寰戞剤澶э紝婊呯伀鏁堟灉鎰堝ソ銆傛墍浠ワ紝鍒跺倷鍦ㄨ憲鐏┖闁撳彲浠ュ潎鍕诲垎鏁ｃ€佹嚫娴殑瓒呯窗(x矛)婊呯伀绮夐珨锛屼繚璀夋粎鐏祫鍒嗙矑瀛愭椿鎬э紝闄嶄綆鍠綅绌洪枔婊呯伀鍔戜娇鐢ㄩ噺鏄彁楂樺共绮夋粎鐏姂婊呯伀鏁堣兘鐨勫緢鏈夋晥鎵嬫銆�
a銆佺噧鐕掔壒鎬э細鐕冪噿鏄竴椤炴湁姘у寲鍔戝弮鑸囩殑鍔囩儓姘у寲鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛岀噧鐕掗亷绋嬫槸閺�?zh菙n)妞掔；?y墨ng)銆傚湪楂樻韩銆佹哀姘ｅ弮鑸囦笅鍙噧鐗╁垎瀛愯婵€娲伙紝鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熻嚜鐢卞熀锛岃嚜鐢卞熀鑳介噺寰堥珮锛屾サ鍏舵椿娼戯紝涓€鏃︾敓鎴愮珛鍒诲紩鐧�(f膩)涓嬩竴姝ュ弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛岀敓鎴愭洿澶氱殑鑷敱鍩猴紝閫欎簺鍏锋湁寰堥珮鑳介噺鐨勭溇澶氳嚜鐢卞熀鍐嶆寮曠櫦(f膩)鏇村鏁�(sh霉)鐩嚜鐢卞熀銆傞€欐ǎ锛屼緷闈犺嚜鐢卞熀涓嶆柗鍌抽仦閺堝弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛屽彲鐕冪墿璩�(zh矛)鍒嗗瓙琚€愭瑁傝В锛岀董鎸佺噧鐕掍笉鏂烽€�(j矛n)琛屻€�
b銆佹粎鐏壒鎬э細绐掓伅銆佸喎鍗诲強灏�(du矛)鏈夌劙鐕冪噿鐨勫寲瀛�(xu茅)鎶戝埗浣滅敤鏄共绮夋粎鐏晥鑳界殑闆嗕腑楂旂従(xi脿n)锛屽叾涓寲瀛�(xu茅)鎶戝埗浣滅敤鏄粎鐏殑鍩烘湰鍘熺悊锛岃捣涓昏婊呯伀浣滅敤銆傚共绮夋粎鐏姂涓粎鐏祫鍒嗘槸鐕冪噿鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勯潪娲绘€х墿璩�(zh矛)锛岀暥(d膩ng)鍏堕€�(j矛n)鍏ョ噧鐕掑崁(q奴)鍩熺伀鐒颁腑鏅�(sh铆)锛屽垎瑙ｆ墍鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熺殑鑷敱鍩鸿垏鐏劙鐕冪噿鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)涓敘(ch菐n)鐢熺殑H 鍜孫H 绛夎嚜鐢卞熀鐩镐簰鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛屾崟鎹夊苟绲傛鐕冪噿鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熺殑鑷敱鍩猴紝闄嶄綆浜嗙噧鐕掑弽鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勯€熺巼銆傜暥(d膩ng)鐏劙涓共绮夋績搴﹁冻澶犻珮锛岃垏鐏劙鎺ヨЦ闈㈢⿳瓒冲澶э紝鑷敱鍩轰腑姝㈤€熺巼澶т簬鐕冪噿鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐢熸垚鐨勯€熺巼鏅�(sh铆)锛岄張?zh菙n)楗虹吹類犵；?y墨ng)琚祩姝紝寰炶€岀伀鐒扮唲婊呫€傚共绮夋粎鐏姂鍦ㄧ噧鐕掔伀鐒颁腑鍚哥啽鍒嗚В锛屽洜姣忎竴姝ュ垎瑙ｅ弽鎳�(y墨ng)鍧囩偤鍚哥啽鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)锛屾晠鏈夎純濂界殑鍐峰嵒浣滅敤銆傛澶栵紝楂樻韩涓嬬７閰镐簩姘姩鍒嗚В锛屽湪鍥洪珨鐗╄唱(zh矛)琛ㄩ潰鐢熸垚涓€灞ょ幓鐠冪媭钖勮啘娈樼暀瑕嗚搵鐗╄钃嬩簬琛ㄩ潰锛岄樆姝㈢噧鐕掗€�(j矛n)琛岋紝骞惰兘闃叉寰�(f霉)鐕冦€�
瓒呯窗(x矛)骞茬矇婊呯伀鍔戠壒鎬�
瓒呯窗(x矛)婊呯伀绮掑瓙鐢变簬姣旇〃闈㈢⿳澶э紝娲绘€ч珮锛岃兘鍦ㄧ┖姘ｄ腑鎳告诞鏁�(sh霉)鍒嗛悩锛屽舰鎴愮浉灏�(du矛)绌�(w臎n)瀹氱殑姘ｆ憾鑶狅紝鎵€浠ワ紝涓嶅儏婊呯伀鏁堣兘寰堥珮锛屼笖浣跨敤鏂规硶涔熷畬鍏ㄤ笉鍚屼簬涓€鑸偝绲�(t菕ng)骞茬矇婊呯伀鍔戯紝瀹冮浼奸沟浠ｇ兎娣规粎寮忔粎鐏€備緥濡傦紝KHCO3姘ｆ憾鑶犳粎鐏績搴﹀儏鐐�1301楣典唬鐑风殑2.0%锛屾粎鐏晥鑳藉嵒鐩哥暥(d膩ng)浜庡畠鐨�50 鍊嶏紝涓旀粎鐏悗娌夌⿳鐗╀笉鏄庨’锛屽皪(du矛)鐏牬(ch菐ng)閫犳垚姹℃煋寰堝皯銆侹HCO3銆丯aCl銆並Cl銆並2SO4銆丯H4H2PO4銆丯aHCO3閮藉彲浠ョ敤渚嗗埗鍌欐埃婧惰啝婊呯伀鍔戙€傛埃婧惰啝婊呯伀鍔戠矑寰戣姹傚皬浜�<5μm锛屾渶濂戒綆浜�0.5μm锛屾埃婧惰啝鐩墠宸茬稉(j墨ng)鎴愮偤鐛�(d煤)绔嬬殑鏂扮殑鐮旂┒闋�(l菒ng)鍩熴€�
鍠綅婊呯伀鍔戞粎鐏晥鑳借垏婊呯伀鍔戠矑瀛愮矑寰戝瘑鍒囩浉闂�(gu膩n)锛屾粎鐏祫鍒嗚嚚鐣岀矑寰戞剤澶э紝灏忎簬鑷ㄧ晫绮掑緫鐨勬粎鐏矑瀛愬垎?j菒n)?sh霉)鎰堝ぇ锛屽墖婊呯伀鏁堟灉鎰堝ソ銆傚湅妯�(bi膩o)涓兘妾㈡脯(c猫)鍒扮殑鏈€灏忕矑寰戠偤40μm锛屽皬浜庢鍊煎叿楂斿垎甯冨嵒娌掓湁鎸囨槑锛岃€屽(sh铆)闅涗笂鍚勯婊呯伀绮掑瓙鑷ㄧ晫绮掑緫澶ч兘灏忎簬姝ゅ€笺€備緥濡傦細K2SO4 鐐�16μm锛孨aHCO3銆丯aCl鐐�20μm锛孨H4H2SO4鐐�30μm銆傚洜姝わ紝鑻ュ皣婊呯伀鍔戠矑瀛愮矑寰戞笡灏戣嚦鑷ㄧ晫绮掑緫鏅�(sh铆)锛屽墖婊呯伀鏁堣兘鏈�(hu矛)澶уぇ鎻愰珮銆備緥濡傦紝閲囩敤绮掑緫灏忎簬20μm鐨凨2SO4鍒跺倷瓒呯窗(x矛)骞茬矇婊呯伀鍔戯紝鍦ㄥ叾鐢ㄩ噺鍍呯偤20%鏅�(sh铆)鐧�(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)鍏舵粎鐏晥鑳芥瘮鏅€欿2SO4婊呯伀鍔戦珮鍑�121%锛涚矑寰戝皬浜�43μm鐨凬aHCO3婊呯伀鍔戞粎鐏晥鑳芥槸鏅€氬瀷鐨�221%锛屾粎鐏晥鑳芥彁楂�1鍊嶅銆傜暥(d膩ng)瓒呯窗(x矛)骞茬矇婊呯伀鍔戠矑寰戝皬浜庤嚚鐣岀矑寰戞檪(sh铆)锛屾粎鐏姂绮掑瓙鍏ㄩ儴璧锋粎鐏綔鐢紝骞茬矇婊呯伀鏁堣兘澶уぇ鎻愰珮锛岀敤閲忔槑椤笡灏戙€傚皣婊呯伀鍔戠矑寰戞笡灏戣嚦5μm锛岀敋鑷�0.5μm鏅�(sh铆)锛屾粎鐏晥鑳芥€ュ妵涓婂崌锛屾粎鐏晥鑳芥槸甯歌(gu墨)婊呯伀鍔戣兘鍔涘咕鍗佸€嶏紝鐢ㄩ噺涔熷儏鐐哄叾鐧惧垎涔嬪咕銆傞€欎富瑕佹槸鍥�?y脿n)妞嬫捈顑�?x矛)绮夌殑绺借〃闈㈢⿳鑸囬珨绌嶇殑姣斿€煎ぇ锛屾椿鎬ч珮锛屽舰鎴愬潎鍕诲垎鏁ｃ€佹嚫娴簬绌烘埃涓浉灏�(du矛)绌�(w臎n)瀹氱殑姘ｆ憾鑶狅紝鍙楃啽鍒嗚В閫熷害蹇紝鎹曠嵅鑷敱鍩鸿兘鍔涘挤(qi谩ng)锛屾晠婊呯伀鏁堣兘鎬ュ妵鎻愰珮銆俒1]
鏂囩嵒(xi脿n)瑷樿級锛氳嫳鍦婯IDD鍏徃鐮斿埗鍑虹矑寰�<5μm鐨勭⒊閰告矮閴€瓒呯窗(x矛)骞茬矇婊呯伀鍔戯紝缍�(j墨ng)鍏ㄦ饭娌掑紡婊呯伀瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)琛ㄦ槑锛氭粎鐏晥鑳芥槸涓€鑸粎鐏姂鐨�10鍊嶃€傚嫉宸嶇瓑閲囩敤姘寸浉鍚堟垚娉曞埗鍌欑７閰搁姩楣借秴绱�(x矛)骞茬矇婊呯伀鍔戯紝浠ョ７閰镐簩姘姩鐐轰富鏂欙紝鍔犲叆婊戠煶绮夈€佷簯姣嶇矇銆佹椿鎬х櫧鍦熴€佺娌广€佺櫧鐐粦銆佺閰搁垑绛夐檮鏂欙紝鎴愬姛鍒跺倷浜嗙矑寰戝湪100~500nm鐨勮秴寰窗(x矛)纾烽吀閵ㄩ菇骞茬矇婊呯伀鍔戙€傝┎骞茬矇婊呯伀鍔戝児(ji脿)鏍艰純浣庯紝婊呯伀鏁堟灉浣筹紝鑳藉鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熻純澶х稉(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)鏁堢泭鍜岀ぞ鏈�(hu矛)鏁堢泭銆�